Questionably Virtuous

Stuart Middleton: Harold Wilson, 8 September 2016

Harold Wilson: The Unprincipled Prime Minister? Reappraising Harold Wilson 
edited by Andrew Crines and Kevin Hickson.
Biteback, 319 pp., £20, March 2016, 978 1 78590 031 0
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... than a class party, and the trade unions had incorporated themselves into the polity by their self-abnegating contribution to the war effort. But the actual changes accomplished by Clement Attlee’s administrations were more ambiguous than the new terms of debate made them sound. Civil society and private industry had been left largely unreformed, and ...

Mysterian

Jackson Lears: On Chomsky, 4 May 2017

Why Only Us: Language and Evolution 
by Robert Berwick and Noam Chomsky.
MIT, 215 pp., £18.95, February 2016, 978 0 262 03424 1
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Because We Say So 
by Noam Chomsky.
Penguin, 199 pp., £9.99, August 2016, 978 0 241 97248 9
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What Kind of Creatures Are We? 
by Noam Chomsky.
Columbia, 167 pp., £17, January 2016, 978 0 231 17596 8
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Who Rules the World? 
by Noam Chomsky.
Hamish Hamilton, 307 pp., £18.99, May 2016, 978 0 241 18943 6
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Chomsky: Ideas and Ideals 
by Neil Smith and Nicholas Allott.
Cambridge, 461 pp., £18.99, January 2016, 978 1 107 44267 2
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... assaulting the greed of the ‘masters of mankind’; John Stuart Mill and John Dewey advocating self-development and workers’ control of production. In contrast to 20th-century liberalism’s reliance on managerial expertise, Smith’s liberalism mingled with his moral philosophy, which postulated an innate moral sense in every human being. Chomsky ...

Sleepwalker on a Windowledge

Adam Mars-Jones: Carmen Maria Machado, 7 March 2019

Her Body & Other Parties 
by Carmen Maria Machado.
Serpent’s Tail, 245 pp., £8.99, January 2019, 978 1 78125 953 5
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... The narrator, who is perhaps called Good, accepts the pipe for the first time: ‘I felt my whole self loosening, my mind retreating to a place somewhere around my left ear.’ In their altered state the women take a tour of Bad’s old Brooklyn neighbourhood and visit the museum, where they see a table so long it never seems to end, laid with suggestive and ...

Am I right to be angry?

Malcolm Bull: Superfluous Men, 2 August 2018

Age of Anger: A History of the Present 
by Pankaj Mishra.
Penguin, 416 pp., £9.99, February 2018, 978 0 14 198408 7
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... in 1977, Albert Hirschman revisited the 18th-century argument that the pursuit of worldly self-interest might be the most effective way of controlling destructive emotions like anger. The pursuit of interests that are constant and predictable potentially offers an escape from the see-saw effect of trying to curb one passion with another. And because ...

What counts as work?

Katrina Forrester: Gig Economics, 5 December 2019

Will the Gig Economy Prevail? 
by Colin Crouch.
Polity, 140 pp., £9.99, February 2019, 978 1 5095 3244 5
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... who work for such online platforms as Uber, Lyft and Deliveroo are classed not as employees but as self-employed. They are supposedly flexible entrepreneurs, free to choose when they work, how they work and who they work for. In practice, this isn’t the case. Unlike performers in the entertainment industry (which gives the ‘gig’ economy its name), most ...

I dream of islands every night

Emma Hogan: Letters from Tove, 24 September 2020

Letters from Tove 
by Tove Jansson, translated by Sarah Death.
Sort of Books, 496 pp., £12.99, October, 978 1 908745 84 2
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... become a happy person, or a good painter, if I stayed.’ She bought a lynx stole and painted a self-portrait with it slung over her shoulders: she looks haughty, glamorous, free. At the time of the move, she thought she might be pregnant and wrote to a friend that ‘a kind of strange, calm “can’t be bothered” is growing in me, with a strong sense of ...

Death to the constitution!

Abigail Green: Mediterranean Revolutions, 10 August 2023

Southern Europe in the Age of Revolutions 
by Maurizio Isabella.
Princeton, 685 pp., £35, May, 978 0 691 18170 7
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... But, in the end, what seems to have changed is the idea of the Mediterranean. Unlike his younger self, the veteran Church seems out of place in Fernand Braudel’s ‘Middle Sea’, where ‘the Turkish Mediterranean lived and breathed with the same rhythms as the Christian [and] the whole sea shared a common destiny.’As Julia Clancy-Smith has shown, the ...
Pluralism and the Personality of the State 
by David Runciman.
Cambridge, 279 pp., £35, June 1997, 0 521 55191 9
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... for enlarged state provision in all Western countries are now increasingly framed in terms, not of self-realisation and higher ends, but of consumer satisfactions and individualised private rights. A rather different range of binary contrasts, but one that similarly links timeless questions of theory to more concrete issues in social and constitutional ...

Sacred Geography

Raghu Karnad: Savarkar’s Nationalism, 23 January 2025

Savarkar and the Making of Hindutva 
by Janaki Bakhle.
Princeton, 501 pp., £38, April 2024, 978 0 691 25036 6
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... with days in fetters, weeks in solitary confinement or the whip. These years were crucial to his self-mythology; the most famous image of him on the islands depicts him in chains, forced to turn a heavy oil press in the sun. This is the picture on the cover of the ‘Veer Savarkar’ edition of the popular children’s comic Amar Chitra Katha, published in ...

Brag and Humblebrag

Maureen N. McLane: Walt Whitman’s Encounters, 22 May 2025

Specimen Days 
by Walt Whitman, edited by Max Cavitch.
Oxford, 336 pp., £8.99, September 2023, 978 0 19 886138 6
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... confessions’ which are not – non-spoiler alert – particularly confessional. A champion self-advertiser, maven of the brag and the humblebrag, he announces in the first pages: ‘Maybe, if I don’t do anything else, I shall send out the most wayward, spontaneous, fragmentary book ever printed.’Born to a working-class family, Whitman fashioned ...

Bejesuited

Malcolm Gaskill: America’s First Catholics, 4 December 2025

A Common Grave: Being Catholic in English America 
by Susan Juster.
North Carolina, 310 pp., £39.99, June, 978 1 4696 8622 6
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... William West, killed fighting the Powhatans, and Gabriel Archer, an enemy of Captain John Smith, a self-aggrandising swashbuckler and leader of the Virginia Colony. All four died between 1608 or 1610, years remembered as ‘the starving time’, when desperate colonists first ate snakes and frogs, then boots and belts, and finally one another.Among the ...

Calling Dr Jekyll

David Runciman: What Kamala Harris got wrong, 22 January 2026

107 Days 
by Kamala Harris.
Simon and Schuster, 304 pp., £25, September 2025, 978 1 3985 5791 8
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... from the fact that he was the same bullying braggart on stage and off. He didn’t hide his true self from the voters. Harris discovered that this was not the case. ‘I’d readied myself for a phone conversation with Mr Hyde,’ she writes. ‘But Dr Jekyll had picked up the call.’ In other words, the man is a hypocrite. But Harris doesn’t say what an ...

The Oracle of the Drowned

Douglas Oliver, 4 February 1988

... in our minds such corrupt purity, never escaping but sinking into not the unthinkable gift of the self to death, not the sea flash flood in the throat, but into the oracle of the drowned; because the oracle of the dying comes to a halt but the oracle of the dead continues and has humour in it. We ask the dying, ‘How do you go about drowning?’ and the ...

Sticking to the text

Peter Porter, 2 May 1985

... Its first stanza chasing its own tail, Since no word will betray another word In this sodality, self-repressing and male, And we discover, hardly believing our eyes And ears, a sort of chromatic scale, That whatever lives and feels is logos. Tell us then, vanity, what is truth And how does it differ from honesty? Ecclesiastics and analysts play sleuth To ...

Mother of Nature

Diane Williams, 4 November 2021

... go back home. Dad is so mean. There shouldn’t be a reason. Could there be a speck of my original self anywhere? – that I have left behind. God, and if I have forgotten about it, can it save ...