All the flowers shall bow
Chris Given-Wilson: Wars of the Roses, 22 January 2026
The Wars of the Roses: A Medieval Civil War
by John Watts.
Cambridge, 328 pp., £30, September 2025,978 1 009 42216 1 Show More
by John Watts.
Cambridge, 328 pp., £30, September 2025,
“... In April 1486, eight months after Richard III’s death at the Battle of Bosworth, the ‘Lancastrian’ Henry VII set out with all the usual pomp and pageantry on a progress through his new kingdom. Before visiting York, Richard’s northern stronghold, Henry sent instructions ahead telling the citizens how he was to be received. At Micklegate Bar, through which he would enter the city, a giant mechanical display was to be contrived, with a heaven full of angels above and an earth full of trees and flowers below, the centrepiece of which would be ‘a royal, rich, red rose … unto which rose shall appear another rich, white rose, unto whom all the flowers shall bow and evidently give sovereignty, showing the rose to be the principal of all flowers, and thereupon shall come from out of a cloud a crown, covering the roses ... ”
