Scattering Gaggle
Jessie Childs: Armada on the Rocks, 4 May 2023
Armada: The Spanish Enterprise and England’s Deliverance in 1588
by Colin Martin and Geoffrey Parker.
Yale, 718 pp., £30, December 2022,978 0 300 25986 5 Show More
by Colin Martin and Geoffrey Parker.
Yale, 718 pp., £30, December 2022,
“... in 1558. He and Mary had restored papal sovereignty over the English Church, lost Calais to the French and – to his later regret – improved the English navy. (The galleon they launched as Philip and Mary had a different name when it faced the Armada three decades later.) After Elizabeth became queen, Philip kept a weather eye on his Protestant ‘sister ... ”