Out of this World

David Armitage, 16 November 1995

Utopia 
by Thomas More, edited by George Logan, Robert M. Adams and Clarence Miller.
Cambridge, 290 pp., £55, February 1995, 0 521 40318 9
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Utopias of the British Enlightenment 
edited by Gregory Claeys.
Cambridge, 305 pp., £35, July 1994, 0 521 43084 4
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... which abolishes private property, and the society which has fulfilled these conditions lies in an unknown part of a newly-discovered world. Utopia is, in every sense, unapproachable and, for the present, inimitable. More might have approved David Hume’s epitaph on utopianism: ‘All plans of government, which suppose great reformation in the manners of ...

Snookered

Peter Campbell, 30 November 1995

Shadows and Enlightenment 
by Michael Baxandall.
Yale, 192 pp., £19.95, June 1995, 0 300 05979 5
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... than at a real peach? Why would we (at least sometimes) rather look at a Velázquez portrait of an unknown, very plain person than at a real, pretty human being? And why at a Chardin or a Velázquez rather than paintings of the same subjects by other painters? Reading Baxandall’s book puts up hares of this sort, and suggests ways to chase them by emphasising ...

Diary

Elaine Showalter: Even Lolita must have read Nancy Drew, 7 September 1995

... as in Alice in Wonderland or The Wizard of Oz, the girl sleuth’s quest ‘is not really for the unknown, but for the known, the familiar’, or perhaps the familiar romanticised. I, too, loved series fiction as a girl, but Nancy Drew was never high on my list, and The Clue of the Leaning Chimney, which I have just reread, strikes me as unspeakably dull. My ...

The Cruel Hoax of Development

Basil Davidson, 6 March 1997

Fighting for the Rainforest: War, Youth and Resources in Sierra Leone 
by Paul Richards.
James Currey/Heinemann, 182 pp., £35, November 1996, 0 85255 397 8
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A Claim to Land by the River: A Household in Senegal 1720-1994 
by Adrian Adams and Jaabe So.
Oxford, 300 pp., £50, October 1996, 0 19 820191 5
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... another word, and Adams proceeded to lodge a suit for defamation of character against persons unknown. End of story-one familiar to anyone who ever suffered such treatment during the Cold War and its colonial-style equivalent. I can remember receiving treatment of this kind in the Fifties. It makes one tired, and then it makes one angry. It made Jaabe So ...

Under the Loincloth

Frank Kermode, 3 April 1997

The Sexuality of Christ in Renaissance Art and in Modern Oblivion 
by Leo Steinberg.
Chicago, 417 pp., £23.95, January 1997, 0 226 77187 3
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... St John in the Uffizi, and in at least twenty other paintings of the Cinquecento – ‘a gesture unknown to devotional art before or since’, and later deplored. Steinberg has a long and brilliant excursus on bowdlerism, the practice of eliminating or toning down such gestures for the sake of decency (and for other reasons no less reprehensible), citing ...

Dress Rehearsals

Misha Glenny, 17 July 1997

Fields of Wheat, Hills of Blood: Passages to Nation hood in Greek Macedonia, 1870-1990 
by Anastasia Karakasidou.
Chicago, 264 pp., $38, June 1997, 0 226 42493 6
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... only a little more than a decade to grip Macedonia by the throat. Yet it had been virtually unknown before then. Attempts by historians to account for the decisive role played by external forces and Great Power politics in this period have been patchy – which in part explains why research on Macedonian history now appears to be dominated by ...

Such a Husband

John Bayley, 4 September 1997

Selected Letters of George Meredith 
edited by Mohammad Shaheen.
Macmillan, 312 pp., £47.50, April 1997, 0 333 56349 2
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... she is quite prepared to share both these feelings with her husband, then in Australia, and – unknown to his wife – himself on the verge of an entanglement with a young Scottish girl, by whom he was to have a child. ‘Now goodbye for the present dear Ganner,’ she concludes the letter, using her pet name for her husband. ‘What would you do with such ...

Women’s Fiction

Margaret Walters, 13 October 1988

The Beginning of Spring 
by Penelope Fitzgerald.
Collins, 187 pp., £10.95, September 1988, 0 00 223261 8
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A Wedding of Cousins 
by Emma Tennant.
Viking, 167 pp., £11.95, September 1988, 0 670 81502 0
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The Skeleton in the Cupboard 
by Alice Thomas Ellis.
Duckworth, 138 pp., £9.95, September 1988, 0 7156 2269 2
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... from the men’s handkerchief counter in a department store, the governess, who represents the unknown future. With her ‘pale broad, patient, dreaming Russian face’, she brings order and calm back to the house: the children love her, and, inevitably, Frank finds himself desperately attracted to her. But she’s something else as well. The bitchy ...

Diary

Julian Barnes: Burning Letters, 7 July 1988

... his is being safely kept in King’s College Library awaiting some mid-21st-century biographer of unknown sympathy (‘It was in 1970 that the young Motion’s shameless careerism first became apparent. On this occasion, however, his blandishments went unanswered, and many blamed him for the death of E.M. Forster’). When I first read of the octogenarian ...

Diary

Paul Barker: Bellamy’s Dream, 19 May 1988

... the model to which GUM, the grim all-purpose store in Moscow, is an approximation. Servants are as unknown as money. You wash clothes at public laundries. You eat at public restaurants. In 19th-century America (and, come to that, today), the height of luxury was to have an awning from the front door to the kerb. In Dr Leete’s Boston, such awnings spring out ...

How are you finding it here?

Patrick Sims-Williams: Celts, 28 October 1999

The Atlantic Celts: Ancient People or Modern Invention? 
by Simon James.
British Museum, 160 pp., £6.99, March 1999, 0 7141 2165 7
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... are familiar from Chapman’s The Celts: The Construction of a Myth (1992), as well as from works unknown to James such as Terence Brown’s Celticism (1996), but James gives them a new polemical slant. The facts, as opposed to the interpretation, seem to be as follows. Classical writers from the time of Herodotus referred to ‘Celts’ in Western and ...

Browning Versions

J.I.M. Stewart, 5 July 1984

Oscar Browning: A Biography 
by Ian Anstruther.
Murray, 209 pp., £12.50, October 1983, 9780719540783
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... such a peculiar institution as King’s it is not to be supposed that O.B. imported a hitherto unknown degree of eccentricity. He had well-entrenched rivals from the start. For example, there was J.E. Nixon, who figures in Mr Anstruther’s narrative only as a college official disposed to make heavy weather over O.B.’s having given a tip to a ...

British Politicians

Norman Hampson, 4 August 1983

The Younger Pitt: The Reluctant Transition 
by John Ehrman.
Constable, 689 pp., £20, June 1983, 0 09 464930 8
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Lord Aberdeen: A Political Biography 
by Muriel Chamberlain.
Longman, 583 pp., £25, May 1983, 0 582 50462 7
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... there is something rather comic in Pitt and Robespierre scaring each other as beings of a new and unknown species, like Papageno and Monostatos. As he himself admits at the outset, Ehrman has an almost impossible task. ‘The central volume of a biography, it has been said, should be the keystone of an arch.’ Unfortunately, Pitt’s arch sags badly in the ...

Vicarious Sages

Michael Mason, 3 November 1983

John Forster: A Literary Life 
by James Davies.
Leicester University Press, 318 pp., £25, June 1983, 0 7185 1164 6
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Mr George Eliot: A Biography of George Henry Lewes 
by David Williams.
Hodder, 288 pp., £12.95, June 1983, 0 340 25717 2
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Johnnie Cross 
by Terence de Vere White.
Gollancz, 153 pp., £7.95, September 1983, 0 575 03333 9
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... of bringing the author’s sources, and to some extent their credibility, onto the page. It is not unknown for the serried forces of three-digit footnote references that parade past the eye in scholarly books to conceal uncritically treated, if assiduously accumulated, materials. Mr Williams is good, for instance, on J.S. Mill as an authority on Lewes’s ...