“... have to depart the stage – to be replaced by men like Heath and Wilson, Georges Pompidou and Willy Brandt – before Britain could meet its European destiny.Yet it was in the end a far longer and more dangerous conflict – the Cold War – that determined Britain’s European fate. For many politicians who might otherwise have had their doubts ...”

“... which denied Federal German recognition to states which had already recognised the GDR, to Brandt’s Ostpolitik. As Garton Ash writes, It was not just in 1988 but already in 1969 that Brandt said: ‘I must confess that I have stopped speaking about reunification.’ In the short term, this could be seen as ...”

“... theorist of Ba’athism; a score of members sitting in the newly independent Algerian parliament; Willy Brandt, the future chancellor of West Germany; Harold Wilson, on the eve of his first term as prime minister; and François Mitterrand, who as minister of justice approved the execution of at least forty Algerian nationalists during the independence ...”