“... of pan-Slavism infecting its Balkan perimeter. While few of the maximalist war aims of the Western powers were achieved – Palmerston wanted to force Russia out of Poland, Finland, the Baltics, Crimea and Bessarabia – the Crimean War marked the excommunication of Russia from ‘the West’.No one registered the severance more acutely than Fyodor ...”

“... de Briouze, Lord of Gower, and sentenced by him to hang as a rebel and a homicide. The saint was Thomas de Cantilupe, former bishop of Hereford, who had died in 1282. From soon after his death posthumous miracles had begun to be attributed to him, and he was officially canonised by Pope John XXII in 1320. The story, in outline, runs thus. On the morning of ...”

“... years, as a Philadelphia politician, he lost a long running battle against William Penn’s son, Thomas; but this unsuccessful struggle against ‘the Proprietary’ greatly enhanced him in the public’s estimation. After 1757, back in England, Franklin gradually became a kind of unofficial ambassador for all of the 13 colonies. In 1775, he went home, his ...”

“... our being here. So the universe has ‘woken up’, but in a local, accidental and low-key sense. Thomas Nagel’s Mind and Cosmos rejects this view and tries to build another. His subtitle is ‘Why the Materialist Neo-Darwinian Conception of Nature Is Almost Certainly False’. It is false, Nagel says, because it cannot deal with a cluster of real ...”

“... constitution, which establishes the executive branch of government and lays out the president’s powers and responsibilities.The result isn’t a return to an 18th-century model of constitutional government. Rather, the executive orders systematically target and undermine the four principal sources of legal and political constraint on the presidency: the ...”

“... geographical position made it something like Berlin at the height of the Cold War: all the major powers found it handy to have ears there. A French diplomat could learn more about Spain’s next move in Venice than in Madrid. Meanwhile, the regime itself practised communication of another sort, mounting elaborate public ceremonies on land and water to dazzle ...”

“... At one moment in Thomas Pynchon’s novel named after them, Mason and Dixon pause to wonder what history’s verdict on their most famous work is likely to be, its ‘assessment of the Good resulting from this Line, vis-à-vis the not-so-good’. A voice, apparently coming from nowhere, says: ‘You wonder? That’s all? What about “care”? Don’t you care?’ The surveyors explain to the voice that surveying is what they do ...”

“... continued to be self-governing, if not necessarily powerful. They negotiated with larger powers, absorbed nearby communities or engaged in elaborate diplomatic exchanges with one another, and they left thousands of public inscriptions. Ma’s study concentrates on the elements of self-government – the Aristotelian study of institutions – and ...”

“... of worship. Caves and grottoes may be associated with deities and credited with prognosticatory powers. Other holy spaces are built by human hands. Churches, mosques and temples assume a numinous quality when they are seen as places where, as T.S. Eliot put it, prayer has been valid. Often containing relics and other holy objects, they are sites where ...”

“... will follow – grave matters incur grave complaint – let me say at the outset that Earthly Powers carries greater intellectual substance, more power and grim humour, more knowledge, than ten average novels put together. Kenneth Marchal Toomey, the narrator, is a novelist, born in 1890 and in his mid-eighties when we last hear from him. His lifetime ...”

“... coincide with their own vision of the future: a world in which the president wields unchecked powers as commander-in-chief while Congress cannot legislate to protect non-market values; a place where religion is free to occupy the public square while rights to privacy are radically restricted. The nomination of any of neo-conservatism’s leading lights ...”

“... of the French Revolution it was Jones’s version that was stamped on medals by the democrat Thomas Spence. Franklin tracks the motto’s path through American political discourse, from Jefferson’s speeches to the rhetoric of abolitionism; even ‘The Star-Spangled Banner’ may glance at an earlier line from the poem, about ‘starr’d and spangled ...”

“... nowhere more than in the comedies and farces of the 1730s, eight of which appear in this volume of Thomas Lockwood’s edition of Fielding’s drama. A third and final volume of plays is in preparation, and will complete the Wesleyan Edition of the Works of Henry Fielding – a heroic project, begun in the 1960s, which has now outlived all but three members of ...”

“... nec superi vollent hoc licuisse sibi. They improvised translations and sipped wine. Here’s Thomas May’s then Addison’s then mine: Vesuvius, shaded once with greenest vines Where pressed grapes did yield the noblest wines; Which hill far more than Nysa Bacchus lov’d, Where satyrs once in mirthful dances mov’d, Where Venus dwelt, and better ...”

“... In​ The World Is Flat, published in 2005, Thomas Friedman argued that global trade and finance, presided over by international institutions – the IMF, the World Bank, the WTO – were making the planet not only richer but less hierarchical and unequal. This was a pumped-up version of the Enlightenment theory of doux commerce, which held that growing trade, founded on mutually beneficial contracts and the rule of law, would provide opportunity and riches for all, and eventually consign wars, empires and great-power politics to the past ...”