Vol. 27 No. 22 · 17 November 2005
pages 24-25 | 2775 words

Odysseus’ Bow
Edward Luttwak
- Soldiers and Ghosts: A History of Battle in Classical Antiquity by J.E. Lendon
Yale, 468 pp, £18.95, June 2005, ISBN 0 300 10663 7
The extraordinarily long, extraordinarily bloody world wars of the 20th century were fought very largely by unwilling conscripts, and that too was extraordinary, as was the consequence that many came home as worn-out veterans less attractive to women than slick, stay-at-home spivs. The two wars that still loom so large in Euro-American collective memory therefore obscure the twin verities that, in the words of the military historian Martin van Creveld, ‘men love war and women love warriors.’ That he is right cannot be doubted because, with few exceptions, wars throughout history have been fought by volunteers, who had to love war to tolerate its inevitable hardships; and men would certainly have found other diversions if warriors had not been especially attractive to women. There is also a corollary: when women love warriors, they procreate sufficiently to replace the losses of war – and that too cannot be doubted, for otherwise we would not be here.
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Letters
Vol. 28 No. 3 · 9 February 2006
From Jonathan Carter
Edward Luttwak scolds J.E. Lendon for neglecting hard archaeological evidence, but opens his review with generalisations so contrived he deserves some scolding of his own (LRB, 17 November 2005). His thesis, compliments of Martin van Creveld, is that ‘men love war and women love warriors’: men wouldn’t put up with the hardship unless they loved war; they’d have found other things to do if it didn’t make them especially attractive; and women must love warriors because, well, here we all are, despite once ravaged populations.
But suppose for a moment that antagonism towards an enemy is, at least in part, an alibi for intensified bonds among friends. Given that it is men, overwhelmingly, who fight, both the positive and negative valencies are homosocial, if not actively homoerotic. There is a growing literature on homosociality and it includes several treatments of war. Both Lendon and Luttwak ignore this material; Lendon in his treatment of a period that is otherwise noted for its homosexual regimes. The dynamic is not confined to war, which is why one occasionally sees it in the little deaths of book reviewing. Luttwak’s specimen is a case in point. What neither Luttwak nor Lendon notices is the very thing they share: a preoccupation with men whose antagonism may be the sign of a very different but equally intimate bond.
Jonathan Carter
University of Melbourne