Vol. 26 No. 15 · 5 August 2004
pages 8-10 | 4157 words

What Wotan Wants
Jerry Fodor
- Finding an Ending: Reflections on Wagner’s ‘Ring’ by Philip Kitcher and Richard Schacht
Oxford, 241 pp, £14.99, April 2004, ISBN 0 19 517359 7
Wagner’s operas in general, and the Ring cycle in particular, have been goading the criticising classes into print for a century and a half, with still no end in sight, but the sacrifice of all those trees has produced very little in the way of a critical consensus; not even on such basic matters as what the Ring is about. Many of the enthusiasts I know hold that there really isn’t anything that the Ring is about. It is, they say, a bald tale, lacking verisimilitude, and populated by an unlikely gaggle of dwarves, giants, dragons, talking birds, flying horses, love potions, magic helmets and shopworn Norse deities. Neophytes are advised to close their eyes and listen to the music (remarkable by any standards) but not to read the supertitles.
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Letters
Vol. 26 No. 16 · 19 August 2004
From David Cormack
Jerry Fodor worries too much about finding the 'meaning' of Wagner's Ring (LRB, 5 August). It is about itself. The 'Ring' symbolises the Ring, circular in argument, constantly returning to its own narration, written backwards and scored forwards.
Fodor errs in claiming that in one of Wagner's sources Gutrune 'ends up married to, of all people, Genghis Khan'. The Nibelungenlied marries her off less exotically to Etzel, otherwise known as Attila the Hun.
David Cormack
London SE26
From Paula Woods
In the Edda and Volsunga sagas – Wagner's main sources – Gutrune, Hagen and Gunther all survive the deaths of Brünnhilde and Siegfried, only for Atli (Attila), Gutrune's second husband, to murder Hagen and Gunther for the Rhinegold. Gutrune then murders their sons, feeds them to Atli as a snack and kills him herself.
Paula Woods
Plymouth
From Carolyne Larrington
In the Edda and Volsunga sagas – Wagner's main sources – Gutrune, Hagen and Gunther all survive the deaths of Brünnhilde and Siegfried, only for Atli (Attila), Gutrune's second husband, to murder Hagen and Gunther for the Rhinegold. Gutrune then murders their sons, feeds them to Atli as a snack and kills him herself.
Carolyne Larrington
St John’s College, Oxford
From Sarah Howe
Jerry Fodor writes that 'the spring of the action' in the Ring and the Oresteia is a 'daughter's relation to her father … Elektra's to Agamemnon, Brünnhilde's to Wotan'. Elektra appears solely in Libation Bearers, the Oresteia's second play, by which time her father is dead. There is a stronger case for locating the 'spring' of the trilogy's action in Agamemnon's relation to his other daughter, Iphigenia. But she figures in the drama only through the grieving recollections of her mother and the chorus in Agamemnon (she has been sacrificed ten years earlier) and so does not seem fit as Brünnhilde's counterpart either.
Sarah Howe
Christ’s College, Cambridge