Many of the phantoms explore their own condition, pondering what it means to be a ghost. One revenant explains that he can speak, though tongueless, by resonating the words in his chest; another that the...

Read more about Suffering Souls: Ghosts in the Middle Ages

At the height of one of the IRA bombing campaigns, a sergeant in the Irish Guards, on duty outside the barracks, was asked by some British civilians what he thought about the campaign. He...

Read more about Hustling off the Crockery: Kipling’s history of the Great War.

At Sunday mass in my North London parish there was recently imposed a ‘New People’s Mass’. It came suddenly and without warning. One week, we were all enjoying versions of the...

Read more about Here come the judges: The constitution

Both these books are about recovering and redeeming a past: the past of Dan Jacobson’s grandfather, Heshel Melamed, the rabbi of a community of Jews in the obscure Lithuanian village of...

Read more about The Old Country: the troublesome marriage of Poles and Jews

Wilt ‘the Stilt’ Chamberlain, the former American basketball player, has three distinct claims to fame. First, there is the basketball, of which modest art he was, as his nickname...

Read more about Creative Accounting: Money and the Arts

It’s a hard life these days for a naval historian. His readers, brought up on Horatio Hornblower and Patrick O’Brian’s Jack Aubrey, know all about the technicalities and the...

Read more about Keep your eye on the tide, Jock: naval history

Welcome, then, to this historic spa town, once calling itself the English Montpellier. The cherished waters, ideal for restoring the ‘animal functions’, have been reduced to a trickle...

Read more about The water-doctors vanish: the social history of British spas

Plato is famous for having banished poetry and poets from the ideal city of the Republic. But he did no such thing. On the contrary, poetry – the right sort of poetry – will be a...

Read more about Art and Mimesis in Plato’s ‘Republic’: Plato

Ross McKibbin’s remarkable study of the way the cultures of class shaped English society has, at a stroke, changed the historiographical landscape. One learns more about almost any aspect...

Read more about Mister Sheppard to you: Classes and Cultures: England 1918-51 by Ross McKibbin

Motherblame: motherhood

Anna Vaux, 21 May 1998

What makes a good mother? How many do you know? Perhaps you think you are one, or that your mother is – though it’s not very likely that you and your mother will agree on this....

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The doctrine of preformation, which dominated the theory of generation for most of the 18th century, asserted a single divine act of creation for all plant and animal life. The original ancestor...

Read more about Seeing Things: egg and sperm and preformation

Men in Aprons: Freemasonry

Colin Kidd, 7 May 1998

Our experience of Freemasonry is one of the minor peculiarities of the British. From The Grand Mystery of Freemasonry Discover’d (1724) and Samuel Prichard’s Masonry Dissected (1730)...

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The war that broke out in 1914 was the first in which highly industrialised and urbanised states were to be found on both sides, and industrial muscle and urban stamina counted for as much as...

Read more about The People Must Be Paid: capital cities in World War I

Sempre Armani: Peacockery

John Harvey, 7 May 1998

One men’s jacket by Vivienne Westwood is an exaggerated male torso made of tinted pearls, while another is made of coloured ostrich feathers. There is a man in a plastic blue and yellow space jacket,...

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Through the Gullet: Medieval recipes

Helen Cooper, 16 April 1998

During the Christmas celebrations of 1251, Henry III and his court ate their way through 830 deer of various kinds, 200 wild swine, 1300 hares and 115 cranes. Basic supplies for the feast to mark...

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Tuscanini: olives

James Davidson, 16 April 1998

At a party once in Highbury I opened a door, stepping into what I thought might be a bathroom and found myself in an olive grove. Two other guests had found it before me. The smoke from their...

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Ian Gilmour is one of the most leftwing figures in British politics: a feat he has achieved by not moving. He remains upright amid the ruins of a Keynesian political economy while the two major...

Read more about Why One-Nation Tories can no longer make an impression on the political establishment: Gilmour’s Way

Hooked: Mega-Fish

Margaret Visser, 16 April 1998

‘A species of fish too well known to require any description,’ reads the entry for cod in the Cyclopedia of Commerce and Commercial Navigation (1858). ‘It is amazingly...

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