{"footnote":"\u003Cp\u003E  There were other kinds of writing and observation about the pilgrimage in this period by Westerners who took on or faked Muslim identity to penetrate the forbidden, always so enticing to a certain  kind of \u0026lsquo;traveller\u0026rsquo;. Sir Richard Burton had famously used his capacities as a \u0026lsquo;master of disguise\u0026rsquo; (a favorite colonial trope) to write his account. A.J.B. Wavell, an army officer and FRGS, killed  in 1916 in a fight against German attacks on the Uganda Railway, wrote \u003Cem class=\u0022emphasisClass\u0022\u003EA Modern Pilgrim in Mecca\u003C\/em\u003E covering his \u0026lsquo;pilgrimage\u0026rsquo; in the 1908-09 season. It was published in  1918. Its tone can be judged from his advice to would-be imitators: \u0026lsquo;I do not think the measures I adopted as regards language, disguise and so forth can be much improved upon.\u0026rsquo; Medina is the more  dangerous of the two cities: \u0026lsquo;No traveller should adventure himself there who is not very thoroughly at home in his Oriental character.\u0026rsquo; In Sanaa in 1911 he had described himself to the British  vice-consul in Yemen as \u0026lsquo;Hajee Ali Wavell, engaged at present in exploration in Arabia\u0026rsquo;. \u0026lsquo;He appears to have embraced Islamism,\u0026rsquo; the vice-consul informed his superiors.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","audio":[],"video":[]}