Among the intellectual figures who have shaped the modern world Adam Smith stands out as someone who doesn’t frighten the laity, might be positively welcomed indeed by middle England....

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Kant on Wheels: Thomas Kuhn

Peter Lipton, 19 July 2001

At a New York cocktail party shortly after the war, a young and insecure physics postgraduate was heard to blurt out to a woman he had met there: ‘I just want to know what Truth is!’...

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Walsingham’s Plumber: John Bossy

Patrick Collinson, 5 July 2001

‘Incidentally, they know you know they know you know the code.’ Peter Ustinov’s Cold War satire Romanoff and Juliet (1956) could have been about Salisbury Court, the London home...

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Long live the codex: the future of books

John Sutherland, 5 July 2001

Jason Epstein’s imagination stretches from primeval man, arranging ‘meaningful phonemes to the beat of stone upon stone or to the sound of hollowed logs used as drums’, to the...

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Ever since the invention of the first moving-image camera, there has been a feeling among anthropologists that film-making should form part of their ethnographic work. But exactly what this...

Read more about Fly in the Soup: anthropology and cinema

Diary: On the Grèklu Ridge

Tim Salmon, 21 June 2001

‘What’s happened to Armàki?’ There used to be a huge lone pine on the slope where Miha sets up his first summer sheepfold. It is all split and scorched. ‘The...

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The British Empire attained its maximum extent just after the First World War, but the peak of imperial visibility and imperialist sentiment at home was arguably reached two or three decades...

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Wolfram von Eschenbach’s Parzival, having raised the siege of Belrepeire, finds its inhabitants gripped by famine. They have slack skin, ashen complexions and sunken bellies. Parzival knows...

Read more about Buckwheat Porridge, Three Miles Thick

Animal Experiences: at the zoo

Colin Tudge, 21 June 2001

In his parks in 16th-century India, Akbar the Great employed personal doctors to look after his tigers, cheetahs, deer and five thousand elephants, and invited the populace at large to visit the...

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At Christmas 1859, one of the 19th century’s most celebrated headmasters suddenly, and for no obvious reason, resigned his job. The Rev. Charles Vaughan had taken charge at Harrow in 1845,...

Read more about Degradation, Ugliness and Tears: Harrow School

Catharama: Heretics

J.L. Nelson, 7 June 2001

The medieval Cathars have often been thought of as distinctively Southern French. In fact, they are first securely documented, and named, as a distinct group in the mid-12th-century Rhineland....

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Electric Koran

Richard Vinen, 7 June 2001

In 1957, Louisette Ighilahriz, a member of the Front de Libération Nationale (FLN) in Algeria, was captured by French paratroopers. She was tortured and repeatedly raped. Until a French...

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No One Left to Kill: Achilles

Thomas Jones, 24 May 2001

Two destinies, Thetis said. You can choose. Stay in the fight and be known – for ever – as the greatest warrior on earth, and your life will be short as the beat of that wing. Or...

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It was widely supposed that London’s East End, in Victorian times, was a sink of evil, an outpost of the Cities of the Plain. Were there fifty righteous men to be found in this cockney...

Read more about Hallelujah Lasses: The Salvation Army

Tummy-Talkers: Ventriloquists

Jonathan Rée, 10 May 2001

In October 1951 one of the biggest celebrities of British radio entertainment went missing in the course of a railway journey from London to Leeds. His disappearance coincided with Labour’s...

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On Sebastiano Timpanaro

Perry Anderson, 10 May 2001

Philology has a bad name as a discipline encouraging sterile pedantry. Today, few could cite a contemporary practitioner. But the discipline had at least one remarkable after-life, contradicting...

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Imagination must take the strain when facts are few. As information about the domestic life of polygamous Oriental households was fragmentary, 17th, 18th and 19th-century European writers and...

Read more about Slipper Protocol: the seclusion of women

The winter night falls early in the small Czech town of Sobeslav, and with it comes a cold, creeping fog laced with coal-smoke that leaves a bitter coating in the mouth. The town square is...

Read more about The Last Years of Edward Kelley, Alchemist to the Emperor: Edward Kelly