Lever-Arch Inquisitor

John Barrell, 29 October 1998

When Raphael Samuel died, the second volume of his projected trilogy Theatres of Memory was left unfinished. Some of the longer essays it was intended to contain were unwritten or unannotated or...

Read more about Lever-Arch Inquisitor

If Communism is only sketchily described, then post-Communism is simply unthinkable in Marx’s philosophy of history. So how can we make sense of his remarkable masterpiece in the 150th...

Read more about The End of Idiocy on a Planetary Scale: ‘The Communist Manifesto’

Suck, chéri: the history of sweets

E.S. Turner, 29 October 1998

One does not get far in this book before one’s eye is stopped by the reproduction of an advertisement placed by B. Henderson, of the China Warehouse, Rye Lane, Peckham. Miss (or Mrs)...

Read more about Suck, chéri: the history of sweets

Was it because of the war? building Europe

Rogers Brubaker, 15 October 1998

For nearly a millennium, European states have been at war with one another. For as Hobbes observed, war consisteth not in Battell onely, or the act of fighting; but in a tract of time, wherein...

Read more about Was it because of the war? building Europe

This is the story of a goatherd who progressed through destitution and self-education to become the printer of the first edition of Calvin’s greatest work and one of the most respected...

Read more about Surviving the Reformation: Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie

Laid Down by Ranke: defending history

Peter Ghosh, 15 October 1998

Richard Evans hopes that this book will take the place of E.H. Carr’s What is History? and G.R. Elton’s The Practice of History as the ‘basic introduction’ to history as...

Read more about Laid Down by Ranke: defending history

For most of us, rites of passage are chaotic family events, with crying babies, cranky children, bored teenagers, tipsy fathers and complaining grandmothers – an excuse for a party, a...

Read more about The Vicar of Chippenham: religion and the life-cycle

You win, I win: unselfish behaviour

Philip Kitcher, 15 October 1998

Organisms that contribute to the reproductive success of their species by doing things that decrease the size of their own brood appear to be inevitable losers in the Darwinian struggle. Since...

Read more about You win, I win: unselfish behaviour

Feigning a Relish: One Tate or Two

Nicholas Penny, 15 October 1998

This useful, well-balanced and at times enthralling history of the Tate Gallery was commissioned for its centenary. It more or less coincides with the obsequies for the Gallery as we have known...

Read more about Feigning a Relish: One Tate or Two

Shock Lobsters: The Burgess Shale

Richard Fortey, 1 October 1998

Five hundred and twenty million years ago, in the Cambrian sea, there swam and crawled a bizarre array of animals. There was Opabinia, which carried on its head a veritable cluster of eyes, not...

Read more about Shock Lobsters: The Burgess Shale

Back in the now remote summer of 1990, when we were still celebrating the birth of a ‘new Europe’, a book was published simultaneously in several European languages. Written by...

Read more about Can Europeans really find no way of living together in democracies other than living apart? ‘48, ‘68, ‘89

The Unrewarded End: Memories of the CP

V.G. Kiernan, 17 September 1998

Studies of the Communist Party of Great Britain and its troubled history proliferate. An attraction for some must be that it is now safely dead and buried: there is no live bear to break out of...

Read more about The Unrewarded End: Memories of the CP

The experience of reading this book is a paradoxical one. Innovative, expertly researched and luminous in style, it nonetheless seems at times almost eerily familiar. The reason for this quickly...

Read more about Why Darcy would not have married Elizabeth Bennet: women in Georgian England

Durability was what mattered. Wordsworth founded his poetry on what he called ‘the beautiful and permanent forms of nature’ and built it according to ‘the primary laws of our...

Read more about One Bit of Rock or Moor: Wordsworth and the Victorians

Country Cousins: the travails of Mogadishu

Nuruddin Farah, 3 September 1998

For centuries, Somalis of pastoralist stock have described Mogadishu as justice-blind, whether they are alluding to the Mogadishu of old, ten centuries back, to the Mogadishu of Siyad Barre, or...

Read more about Country Cousins: the travails of Mogadishu

Some body said of the 18th-century Spencers that the Bible was always on the table – and the cards in the drawer. Certainly, that was true of the first Countess Spencer, mother of Georgiana...

Read more about I could light my pipe at her eyes: women and politics in Victorian Britain

Greece has its canonical witches. There is Medea, barbarian and jilted lover, with her flaming poisons. Homer’s Circe, often allegorised as a figure of lust, who turns Odysseus’ men...

Read more about Take old urine and slag iron: magic in the ancient world

Diary: Taiwan and China

Gerald Hammond, 3 September 1998

As Henry James never tired of noting, the real thing turns up rarely, in unpredictable places and unexpected guises. I have now encountered it and, marvellous to relate, stamped on it are the...

Read more about Diary: Taiwan and China