
Alfred Appel Jr’s Jazz Modernism: From Ellington and Armstrong to Matisse and Joyce is published by Knopf. He is a professor emeritus of English at Northwestern University and editor of The Annotated Lolita.
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Vol. 24 No. 9 · 9 May 2002
pages 8-11 | 5765 words

King of Razz
Alfred Appel Jr
On the eve of World War Two, Fats Waller was, after Louis Armstrong, the jazz musician and jazz entertainer best known and most loved by the American and English populations at large. In recent years, however, Waller’s reputation has declined, possibly because the jazz canon has room for only one cut-up: Armstrong. The recent issuing on three compact discs of Waller’s alternative takes (1923-41)[*] means that all his recordings are available concurrently for the first time, which makes this an ideal moment for a reappraisal of the artist – a term Waller wouldn’t have used.
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[*] Network, RP2003, RP2004 and RP2005, £13.99 each, 19 June 2001.
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Letters
Vol. 24 No. 11 · 6 June 2002
From Graham Kemp
Alfred Appel Jr writes well on how Fats Waller and Louis Armstrong managed to sing absurd and racist lyrics without losing all self-respect (LRB, 9 May). However, the case of 'Shine' is more complicated than he acknowledges. Ry Cooder's version on his 1978 album Jazz claims to be one of the few to use the first verse of Cecil Mack's lyric, in which the singer ('they christened me plain Samuel Johnson Brown') lists the names that some folks call him: 'Sambo', 'Rastus', 'Chocolate Drop' and now ('to cap the climax') 'Shine'. In the more familiar, but to modern ears painfully odd, second verse he cites some reasons for this abuse: his pearly teeth, curly hair and shady colour, his uncomplaining nature and his fashionable clothes. He clearly can't enjoy this, but chooses not to care a bit. What Armstrong thought of this I should be interested to know, but there seems to be more here than minstrelsy.
Graham Kemp
University of Liverpool